Design for manufacturability (DFM for short. Often referred to as "design for manufacturing") is a design methodology intended to ease the manufacturing process of a given product. In the PCB design process DFM leads to a set design guidelines that attempt to ensure manufacturability. By doing so, probable production problems may be addressed during the design stage.
Ideally, DFM guidelines take into account the processes and capabilities of the manufacturing industry. Therefore, DFM is constantly evolving.
As manufacturing companies evolve and automate more and more stages of the processes, these processes tend to become cheaper. DFM is usually used to reduce these costs. For example, if a process may be done automatically by machines (ie: SMT component placement and soldering), such process is likely to be cheaper than doing so by hand.